Basic Strategy vs Bad Blackjack Strategy: 1 Million Hands

Question

How much does playing badly actually cost at blackjack, in dollars, compared to playing every hand by the book?

Rules & assumptions

Both players face identical rules: 6 decks, dealer stands on soft 17, blackjack pays 3:2, double on any first two cards including after a split, one split per hand (no resplitting), split aces get one card only. $10 flat bet every hand. Cards are drawn from an effectively infinite 6-deck-composition shoe (reshuffled conceptually every hand), so shoe-depletion effects between hands aren't modeled. Seed 43.

Player A plays correct basic strategy for these exact rules — the same chart on 0stakes' basic strategy page.

Player B plays a deliberately common set of beginner mistakes, applied consistently:

  • Stands on any hard 12-16, regardless of the dealer's upcard.
  • Never doubles down, even when basic strategy calls for it.
  • Never splits pairs, playing them as a single hand instead.
  • Takes insurance every time the dealer shows an Ace.

Soft hands and totals outside 12-16 aren't part of the tested mistakes, so Player B plays those normally (hit soft hands below 18, stand 17 and under on hard totals, stand hard 17+) to isolate the four mistakes above as the only real difference between the two players.

The experiment

1,000,000 hands simulated for each player.

Results

Metric Player A (basic strategy) Player B (bad strategy)
Hands 1,000,000 1,000,000
Total wagered $11,288,340 $10,384,130
Net result -$54,700 -$625,305
ROI (house edge) -0.485% -6.022%
Dealer blackjack rate 4.714% 4.721%

Player A's simulated edge, -0.485%, lands right where it should: the site's own house edge ranking cites roughly 0.5% for perfect basic strategy under these exact rules. Player B's edge is more than 12 times steeper, at just over 6%. Player B also wagered less in total, since standing early and never doubling means fewer chips ever go on the table — and still lost more than eleven times as much money.

Why it happens

Every one of Player B's habits removes a specific tool that exists to fight the dealer's advantage. Doubling down turns a strong hand (an 11 against a weak dealer upcard, for instance) into double the winnings exactly when the odds favor it most; skipping it caps the upside on the best hands in the game. Splitting turns a bad hand like a pair of 8s (a stiff 16) into two hands starting from a much stronger position; skipping it means playing that bad 16 as-is, over and over. Standing on 12-16 against a dealer showing a strong card (7 through Ace) gives up completely: a dealer with a 7 up will make a hand more often than not, and refusing to hit a 12 or 13 against it just concedes hands basic strategy would fight for. Insurance is its own separate losing bet, covered in full in Blackjack Insurance, Simulated — taking it every time the dealer shows an Ace adds a steady drip of extra loss on top of everything else.

None of these mistakes are exotic. They're the default instincts of a player who's never seen a strategy chart: stand when a hand feels risky, don't put more money on the table, don't break up a pair. Each one quietly hands more of the game to the house.

Verdict

Basic strategy doesn't guarantee a winning session, but it's the difference between a roughly 0.5% game and a roughly 6% game. That gap compounds fast: over the same amount of action, a player making these four common mistakes loses on the order of ten times more than one playing correctly, without ever placing a single bet the "bad" player didn't also place.

Simulation and analysis by 0Stakes. Full methodology at /methodology/.

Related